Psychiatrists or Medical professionals. Appropriate terminology to use in this situation.

Not a doc, but was a social worker with some experience in working with clients with mental health issues. Suggest possibly 'Situational depression with suicidal ideation' -- but maybe you can look up some things online, like in the current version of the DSM V? http://www.dsm5.org/Pages/Default.aspx for what that stuff is actually called in a diagnosis.

I'm not so sure about the suicidal ideation part, as an actual suicide attempt goes way beyond that, suicidal ideation being a normal part of the course of many mental illnesses and not emergent.

Otherwise, there's not really enough information in the OP to play guess-the-diagnosis. How long did the symptoms last? Were there psychotic symptoms or only severe depression? It's not unusual for a vague diagnosis like Mood Disorder NOS (Not Otherwise Specified) or Brief Psychotic Episode to be slapped on the chart in a crisis situation like that because there are minimum time periods during which symptoms must persist for a diagnosis like Major Depression to be made, and they have to bill the insurance company under some diagnostic code.

I'm not a professional either, just someone who has a lot of experience with the psychiatric system.

What about PTSD? I'm not a medical person, but I have PTSD and those symptoms are very familiar to me.


Possible causes of PTSD

PTSD is a lasting consequence of traumatic ordeals that cause intense fear, helplessness, or horror, such as a sexual or physical assault, the unexpected death of a loved one, an accident, war, or natural disaster.

http://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/guide/post-traumatic-stress-disorder

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Suicide

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is frequently associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23995037

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Nightmares

Nightmares are one of the 17 symptoms of PTSD (1). Along with flashbacks and intrusive thoughts or memories, nightmares are one of the ways in which a trauma survivor may re-experience or relive the traumatic experience for months or years following the event.

http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/co-occurring/nightmares_and_ptsd_research_review.asp

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Insomnia

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a well-known cause of insomnia.

http://www.insomnia-free.com/ptsd-and-insomnia.html

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First off:
Syndrome/Disorder = long-term (ex: PTSD)
Reaction = short-term, transient (ex: Acute Stress Reaction, Grief Reaction)

If you go into your doc and ask for five days worth of sleeping pills just in case you have problems sleeping because your husband just died, for example, you'll get "Grief Reaction" in your chart. Acute Stress Reaction might work, I'd have to read to know though.

It is NORMAL not to have memory of a high-impact, high-stress event. Fact: Memory is NOT a tape recorder. If your brain is busy staying alive, checking out to avoid stress, or helping someone else at the point of impact, then you might not remember seemingly large details. Encoding requires attention. If attention isn't present, then encoding doesn't happen and thus the memory isn't formed. This is why some individuals go their entire lives not remembering a major stress event. (See: Princess Di crash)

We're adaptable critters, for survival. Sometimes that means the brain says, "Screw this", and shuts down awareness for a few.

The above is the simple approach, but medicine is rarely simple, continue reading if you want complication fodder outside of the technical stuff.

A politically charged topic in the industry is the to medicate or not to medicate regarding anything pediatric. Teens are pediatric. I'm not looking to take a side here, or to inspire tangential/emotional threads, I'm just offering up background noise to the character's situation. Whatever stance the author chooses to take, this question is going to loom regarding that fifteen year old.

Some professionals (and parents) believe that any indication of behaviors listed above require medication, possibly long-term. The other side says teens and kids are growing into their bodies and personalities and therefore should never be medicated until they hit their twenties. Again, not debating for or against either, just saying it's an omnipresent issue. Depression meds are an excellent, often argued, example.

Another conflict for you for the inpatient setting. When something high-stress occurs with a child, there is a high probability of parents arriving with BS of GoogleHead degrees under their arms. They then proceed to tell doctors and everyone else around them, those both degreed and experienced in medicine, what to do and how to do it. This is, by far, the best way to alienate the people taking care of the fifteen year old. This will invariably make the healthcare professionals in the situation: tight-lipped, angry, curt, overly polite, talk to the girl's family in overly calm and quiet voices, humor the parent with wide-eyed head nods, and so on. Tension all around. It's a thing that gets passed on in shift report, nurse to nurse, so each nurse coming in will know of any incidents that happened on prior shifts by word of mouth.

Anyway, I hope this helps.